Why the Reformers like Voltaire, Rousseau and Karl Marx got adverse response from the society?

Answer:   In 1830, when Queen Victoria started her long reign in British history, England got a new status. At that time though the world of 1830's still looked back, England with  new  ideas, was growing fast. G. B. Shaw, a late Victorian writer showed in his essay Freedom, the condition of exploited common man and observed  different revolutions of the Victorian age against the slavery and exploitation that poor endured through the ages. The common man was always made fool by the upper class people in the society. Though They performed all kinds of job, they did not get the respect or courtesy. If they raised their voice, they are told that poor people got most of the benefits because they did not have to give tax and the upper classes have to pay tax from their earning. Besides, they had the Factory Acts, the Wages Boards, and got free education etc. Also they were cajoled by saying that they had the right to vote to select the ruler. They do not understand the real meaning of freedom because they had to remain busy to earn their food and shelter. So when the philosophers, politicians and reformers like Voltaire, Rousseau and Karl Marx of the society came ahead and encouraged and helped them to live a better life. But the ruler class did not take it in good way and they established a bad image of the reformers among minds of common people and  they made the common men think that those reformers were not good people at all. In order to gain their own sake, the ruler class Either banned them from the society or suppressed their voice. Even their followers, disciples could not raise their voice. As a result, the slave system prevailed in the British nation. According to Shaw, independence was meaningless unless people of the country understood that freedom.

ALL QUESTIONS OF THE ESSAY " FREEDOM" BY G. B. SHAW

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1. Why does the essayist G. B. Shaw say that no one can be completely free?  OR- What factors restrict us to get complete freedom?

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2. "Now mark another big difference between the natural slavery of man to nature and the unnatural slavery of man to man"---Explain. 

/Or,/ 

What difference does the author state between slavery to nature and slavery to man?

Or,

How does Shaw describe slavery?

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3. How, according to Shaw, does the government force us to be their slave calling it freedom?

/OR/

“The object of all honest governments should b to prevent your being imposed on this way. But the object of most actual governments I regret to say, is exactly the opposite.”—Explain the lines.

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4. “Now, though this prodigious mass of humbug is meant to delude the enslaved masses only, it ends in deluding the master class much more completely.”—Explain the line.

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5. "Sen Trade Unionism would never sanction more than one big strike at a time with all the other trades working overtime to support it."--Bring out the context and elaborate it.

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6. What advices does Shaw give to wipe out exploitation from the society? / How can slavery be ended?

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7."Naturally, the master class, through its parliaments and schools and newspapers, make the most desperate attempt to prevent us from realising our slavery"--Explain.

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8.Why the Reformers like Voltaire, Rousseau and Karl Marx got adverse response from the society?

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9. “Whenever the famous writers protest against this imposture, ...you are taught that they are atheists and libertines, murderers and scoundrels, and often it is made a criminal offence to buy or sell their books.”—Explain the lines.

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Why does the essayist G. B. Shaw say that no one can be completely free? OR- What factors restrict us to get complete freedom?

* In the essay "Freedom", the essayist G. B. Shaw has presented a fact of freedom of human being. He states that there is nothing that may be called absolute freedom. No one can enjoy the taste of complete freedom. Shaw has superbly establishes this very thought in this essay and presents few instances to prove it. He also shows the factors that are causing limitation to the absolute freedom of man.

* Firstly, essayist believes that a man can not have absolute freedom. Man is bound to nature's rule. though man works in field or office for their livelihood as per their choice. That may be for himself or for his employers. These works depend on their will. But few things that we have to do or perform whether we want or not. We have to relax, eat, drink, sleep, wash and dress. This is a necessity to us that is caused by Nature or Society. We have to follow that rule otherwise we have to live in isolation or we will be rejected by society. We cannot avoid these natural actions. Though apparently we feel ourselves free, but actually we are slaves to nature.

* Secondly, even a tenant is not a free man. His or her landlord will force him or her to practice a specific religion, caste, ritual and also he would like to force the tenant to vote for landlord's selected candidate.

* Thirdly, even the employee does not get relief from his employer. The employee does not have any freedom to dress up, job hour, even the tenure of job. The employer will select everything regarding his job.

* Fourthly, if a man works in office or factory for twelve hours, he gets no time for himself  and he has to take rest in rest twelve hours because it is natural for human to take rest. If he protests or complains against it to their trade union, no benefit will come out. Only they can call for strike and that will lead to no income and ever starvation. So, also in these cases man has no freedom.

*  Fifthly, suppose a person saves four hours from his 12 hours job and plans to go go to a film or to read a book, he must spend money. Or to save that money if he goes to bed for rest, that 'free' time goes for relaxation not for recreation.

*  Sixthly, one must abide by the rules of society to avoid law and police. Though a man votes to select the leader of nation but when the vote is over it is seen that just the leader has changed but the status of common people has not changed. They cannot protest because they have cast their vote. So the common people remain slaves.